Passage 3
You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you km a great deal of Wood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for you- If the blood is too different from your own. the transfusion could kill you.
There are four basic types of blood: A, B. AB. and O. A simple test can indicate a person.s blood type, which, like hair color and height, is inherited from parents.
Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB. but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group: hence, it is often called the universal donor. For the opposite reason. AB is sometimes called the universal recipient. However, because so many reactions can occur in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (liquid). until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. In this way, it is possible to avoid any bad reactions to the transfusion.
There is a relationship between your Wood type and your nationality. Among Europeans and people of European ancestry, about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O. The rarest is type AB. Other races have different percentages. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O.
11. A good title for this passage is .
A. Getting Blood and Plasma
B. Special Blood Types
C. Human Blood Types
D. The Blood Bank of a Hospital
12. The word "hence" in line 8 means .
A. always B. often C. therefore D. seldom
13. In a blood transfusion, it is easiest to find the acceptable type of blood for a person with the blood type of _________.
A. A B. B C. AB D. O
14.The purpose of using salt and plasma before a blood transfusion is to allow time
A. to test the reactions to the transfusion
B. for matching the blood to be transfused with the patient.s blood
C. for the blood to be delivered from the blood bank
D. to select a new type of blood for the patient
15. Most Europeans have blood type______.
A. A B. B C. O D. A or O
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